You have ONE HOUR to answer this question. Plan out your response and pace yourself so that you can answer all parts of the question in the allotted time.

Write an extended essay in which you discuss federalism. The first part of your answer should demonstrate (a) an understanding of the basis of federalism as set forth in the Constitution and (b) an understanding of how federalism has developed and changed over the years in terms of the relationship between our national government, and the governments of states and localities. You should also discuss how "federalism" can be manifested in matters of budgeting, policy responsibility, and the enforcement of law.

The second part of your answer must address ONE of the policy issues below. Your discussion should (1) demonstrate a clear understanding of the policy issue and (2) relate the intergovernmental aspects of that policy issue to your general discussion of the origins and development of federalism.

Issue 1: Unfunded mandates imposed on one government jurisdiction by another.

Issue 2: The states recently acquired responsibility for much of welfare policy formulation and administration.

You have ONE HOUR to answer this question. Plan out your response and pace yourself so that you can answer all parts of the question in the allotted time.

Public organizations in the United States are currently under heavy environmental pressure to alter bureaucratic structures and adopt private sector management approaches. Public sector organizations, however, have less flexibilty in changing organizational structures than private organizations have. Thus, the public sector's response to the pressure to change has relied as much, if not more, on environmental management techniques as on structural change.

You are invited to discuss (1) the nature and source of the environmental pressures for management change in government, (2) the reasons why government agencies have limited flexibility in altering bureaucratic structures and (3) the environmental management techniques government adopts in response to pressures for structural change.

You have ONE HOUR to answer this question. Plan out your response and pace yourself so that you can answer all parts of the question in the allotted time.

THE JOB is fundamental to the study and practice of human resources management. The job is so fundamental and omnipresent, in fact, that we can lose sight of how important defining and designing jobs are. Each student is to write an essay on jobs, making sure to include a discussion of each of the elements below. You should conclude your answer by considering how new public personnel approaches, such as "broad-banding" jobs, mesh with the job analysis, design and description approaches you have discussed.

1. Three different methods of job analysis
2. Job specifications and requirements
3. The key approaches to job design
4. Traditional job descriptions
5. Results-oriented job descriptions